Martin Luther King, Jr. Essay -- African American Black Racism Essays

Martin Luther King, Jr. I HAVE A DREAM! In an era when racial discrimination and public bigotry towards African Americans in the United States was becoming more evident, this simple, but powerful statement by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was a beacon of hope for all African Americans in the country. In his speech, on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, Dr. King expresses his frustration that after a hundred years since the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans are still treated like second-class citizens. However, Dr. King also expresses his hope that the status quo will change and African Americans around the country will be â€Å"free at last.† Dr. King uses eloquent statements to appeal to his audience’s emotions and to see the difficulties and hardships that African Americans across the country suffer on a regular basis. Dr. King makes use of sound rhetorical devices to convey his message that â€Å"all men are created equal† and that racism should not, cannot co ntinue if the nation is to prosper.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Upon opening his speech, Dr. King makes reference to past events: the Gettysburg Address and the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation, works both by Abraham Lincoln that ensured that freedom in the United States will endure. â€Å"Five score years ago, a great American†¦ signed the Emancipation Proclamation, [which] came as a great beacon of hope to millions of Negro slaves.† Dr. King does this in order to grasp his audience’s attention and to outline that after a century since the freeing of African American slaves, the Negro race is still treated no differently. He goes on to state that African Americans are â€Å"exiled in their own land. And so we’ve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.† This powerful message implies that no longer will African Americans sit idly by while their civil liberties and human rights are trampled on by racists and bigots or ignored by the government.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dr. King uses connotations, words such as slaves, injustice, freedom, and hope, to appeal to his audience’s emotions and to stress the importance that public treatment of African Americans must be changed to accommodate the prosperity of our growing nation. â€Å"[Negro slaves] have been seared in the flames of withering injustice.† â€Å"This is our hope†¦ That [whites and blacks] will be able to stand up for freedom together.† He also makes use of connotat... ... skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream that one day†¦ little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls. I have a dream today.† King also uses parallelism to emphasize that the nation must come together to â€Å"let freedom ring† for every American from every corner of the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech is one of the greatest and most influential speeches written in the modern day. His use of connotations, hyperbole, and metaphor appealed to his audience’s sense of logic, morality, and just plain old common sense â€Å"that all men are created equal† and to deny this is to deny the intention of the creator. Further, Dr. King’s use of parallelism allowed him to drive his point across â€Å"that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness† and that the country must be transformed into a nation of tolerance, acceptance, and peace. His use of sound rhetorical devices allowed him to sway his audience to change the â€Å"status quo† and enable all Americans to be truly â€Å"free at last.†

Advantages and Disadvantages of Fptp System

First Past The Post, like other plurality/majoriAdvantages and disadvantages of FPTP systemty electoral systems, is defended primarily on the grounds of simplicity and its tendency to produce winners who are representatives beholden to defined geographic areas and governability. The most often cited advantages are that: It provides a clear-cut choice for voters between two main parties. The inbuilt disadvantages faced by third and fragmented minority parties under FPTP in many cases cause the party system to gravitate towards a party of the ‘left’ and a party of the ‘right’, alternating in power.Third parties often wither away and almost never reach a level of popular support above which their national vote yields a comparable percentage of seats in the legislature. It gives rise to single-party governments. The ‘seat bonuses’ for the largest party common under FPTP (e. g. where one party wins 45 per cent of the national vote but 55 per cent of the seats) mean that coalition governments are the exception rather than the rule.This state of affairs is praised for providing cabinets which are not shackled by the restraints of having to bargain with a minority coalition partner. It gives rise to a coherent opposition in the legislature. In theory, the flip side of a strong single-party government is that the opposition is also given enough seats to perform a critical checking role and present itself as a realistic alternative to the government of the day. It advantages broadly-based political parties.In severely ethnically or regionally divided societies, FPTP is commended for encouraging political parties to be ‘broad churches’, encompassing many elements of society, particularly when there are only two major parties and many different societal groups. These parties can then field a diverse array of candidates for election. In Malaysia, for example, the Barisan Nasional government is made up of a broadly-based um brella movement which fields Malay, Chinese, and Indian candidates in areas of various ethnic complexions.It excludes extremist parties from representation in the legislature. Unless an extremist minority party’s electoral support is geographically concentrated, it is unlikely to win any seats under FPTP. (By contrast, under a List PR system with a single national-level district and a large number of seats, a fraction of 1 per cent of the national vote can ensure representation in the legislature. ) It promotes a link between constituents and their representatives, as it produces a legislature made up of representatives of geographical areas.Elected members represent defined areas of cities, towns, or regions rather than just party labels. Some analysts have argued that this ‘geographic accountability’ is particularly important in agrarian societies and in developing countries. It allows voters to choose between people rather than just between parties. Voters can assess the performance of individual candidates rather than just having to accept a list of candidates presented by a party, as can happen under some List PR electoral systems. It gives a chance for popular independent candidates to be elected.This may be particularly important in developing party systems, where politics still revolves more around extended ties of family, clan, or kinship and is not based on strong party political organizations. Finally, FPTP systems are particularly praised for being simple to use and understand. A valid vote requires only one mark beside the name or symbol of one candidate. Even if the number of candidates on the ballot paper is large, the count is easy for electoral officials to conduct. Disadvantages of FPTPHowever, FPTP is frequently criticized for a number of reasons. These include: It excludes smaller parties from ‘fair’ representation, in the sense that a party which wins approximately, say, 10 per cent of the votes should win approximately 10 per cent of the legislative seats. In the 1993 federal election in Canada, the Progressive Conservatives won 16 per cent of the votes but only 0. 7 per cent of the seats, and in the 1998 general election in Lesotho, the Basotho National Party won 24 per cent of the votes but only 1 per cent of the seats.This is a pattern which is repeated time and time again under FPTP. It excludes minorities from fair representation. As a rule, under FPTP, parties put up the most broadly acceptable candidate in a particular district so as to avoid alienating the majority of electors. Thus it is rare, for example, for a black candidate to be given a major party’s nomination in a majority white district in the UK or the USA, and there is strong evidence that ethnic and racial minorities across the world are far less likely to be represented in legislatures elected by FPTP.In consequence, if voting behaviour does dovetail with ethnic divisions, then the exclusion from represent ation of members of ethnic minority groups can be destabilizing for the political system as a whole. It excludes women from the legislature. The ‘most broadly acceptable candidate’ syndrome also affects the ability of women to be elected to legislative office because they are often less likely to be selected as candidates by male-dominated party structures. Evidence across the world suggests that women are less likely to be elected to the legislature under plurality/majority systems than under PR ones.It can encourage the development of political parties based on clan, ethnicity or region, which may base their campaigns and policy platforms on conceptions that are attractive to the majority of people in their district or region but exclude or are hostile to others. This has been an ongoing problem in African countries like Malawi and Kenya, where large communal groups tend to be regionally concentrated. The country is thus divided into geographically separate party stro ngholds, with little incentive for parties to make appeals outside their home region and cultural–political base.It exaggerates the phenomenon of ‘regional fiefdoms’ where one party wins all the seats in a province or area. If a party has strong support in a particular part of a country, winning a plurality of votes, it will win all, or nearly all, of the seats in the legislature for that area. This both excludes minorities in that area from representation and reinforces the perception that politics is a battleground defined by who you are and where you live rather than what you believe in.This has long been put forward as an argument against FPTP in Canada. It leaves a large number of wasted votes which do not go towards the election of any candidate. This can be particularly dangerous if combined with regional fiefdoms, because minority party supporters in the region may begin to feel that they have no realistic hope of ever electing a candidate of their choice . It can also be dangerous where alienation from the political system increases the likelihood that extremists will be able to mobilize anti-system movements.It can cause vote-splitting. Where two similar parties or candidates compete under FPTP, the vote of their potential supporters is often split between them, thus allowing a less popular party or candidate to win the seat. Papua New Guinea provides a particularly clear example. It may be unresponsive to changes in public opinion. A pattern of geographically concentrated electoral support in a country means that one party can maintain exclusive executive control in the face of a substantial drop in overall popular support.In some democracies under FPTP, a fall from 60 per cent to 40 per cent of a party’s share of the popular vote nationally can result in a fall from 80 per cent to 60 per cent in the number of seats held, which does not affect its overall dominant position. Unless sufficient seats are highly competitive, th e system can be insensitive to swings in public opinion. Finally, FPTP systems are dependent on the drawing of electoral boundaries. All electoral boundaries have political consequences: there is no technical process to produce a single ‘correct answer’ independently of political or other considerations.Boundary delimitation may require substantial time and resources if the results are to be accepted as legitimate. There may also be pressure to manipulate boundaries by gerrymandering or malapportionment. This was particularly apparent in the Kenyan elections of 1993 when huge disparities between the sizes of electoral districts—the largest had 23 times the number of voters the smallest had—contributed to the ruling Kenyan African National Union party’s winning a large majority in the legislature with only 30 per cent of the popular vote.

The Case Of Drug Abuse - 855 Words

In the case of drug abuse there are many signs both behavioral as well as physical which is a direct sign of drug use. Nevertheless, every drug has its own unique sign of usage but there are always indications that a person is using. Therefore, some of the changes could be withdrawal from family members, not caring about their personal appearance, sniffy or runny nose and red or glassy eyes to name a few of the signs. Rather look at these sign and assume all drugs have these sign a person must first find out the type of drug someone is using in order to determine the exact signs of that drug. For example if a person is using methamphetamine they would be â€Å"wired† and not sleeping for days or even weeks at a time. They would also lose their appetite and with the loss of their appetite they will start to lose weight. Another sign would be the dilation of his or her pupils as well as become sexually excited when they are using the drug. Although, these are a few signs of this drug there are a few more that can tell someone that a person is in fact using this drug. Now if a person was to be using cocaine their thinking would be impaired, they would be confused, anxious, depressed, short tempered and a decreased sexual drive unlike someone using methamphetamine. Furthermore, they would also have some of the same signs as a meth user such as sleeplessness, and loss of appetite. Therefore, they would be acting differently because the drugs have a different effect on different peopleShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis : The Drug Abuse Essay1820 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction My case analysis paper is on an individual that suffered drug abuse for many years and now living each day to stay sober. My client is identified as a white, 26-year-old women living in Cleveland, Ohio. She grew up in a very small country town and had a very close and loving family. Her drug of choice was Heroin, crack-cocaine and anything she could get her hands on to get a fix. My client’s substance abuse history was over the course of many years starting out of high school andRead MoreDrug Abuse Intervention Case Analysis Essay1159 Words   |  5 PagesDrug Abuse Intervention Case Analysis Coley is a timber cutter that is addicted to crystal meth. He has three young children, two girls and a boy and a wife that he affects everyday with his crystal meth abuse. Throughout the episode Coley locks himself in the garage, so he can snort powder form of crystal meth without his children being directly in front of it. Coley thinks that if he locks himself in the garage his children do not see his behaviors. Coleys addiction stemmed from his childhoodRead MoreCase Study : Prescription Drug Abuse1885 Words   |  8 Pages Research Paper Focus: Prescription Drug Abuse Abuse is a pattern of substance use that results in negative consequences and impairment (Bukstein and Nquyen). Misuse is the use for a purpose not consistent with medical guidelines or without a prescription for the individual using the medication (Bukstein and Nquyen). Abuse of prescription opioids has been cited as the fastest growing drug problem in the United States, and has surpassed the use of cocaine and heroin combined as a cause of mortalityRead MoreUnderstanding Schizophrenia And Biopsychological Case Studies Of Anxiety And Drug Abuse1791 Words   |  8 PagesUnderstanding Schizophrenia and Biopsychological Case Studies of Anxiety and Drug Abuse Susan DeVoe University of Phoenix â€Æ' Analyzing Psychological Disorders: Understanding Schizophrenia and Biopsychological Case Studies of Anxiety and Drug Abuse Let us discuss and dive into the study of a disease called schizophrenia. We will be taking a look at its symptoms, its causes, the areas of the brain it affects, its neural basis, and the appropriate drug therapies for the disease. Having an informed understandingRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Domestic Violence Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper I will be addressing the correlation that is between substance abuse and domestic violence. 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In the recent past, studies have been done to analyze the psychological, health, and economic challenges affecting women who abuse different substances (National Institute of Drug Abuse, 2015). This marginalized groupRead MoreThe Effects Of Substance Abuse On Children1364 Words   |  6 Pagesare 50% more likely to abuse substances (Promises Treatment Center). Bullying is the act of physical or verbal tormenting over a set amount of time, usually targeted at one person or a group of people. Bullying is an international issue that ruins the victim s emotional well-being. Those who are victims of bullying can turn to drugs or other substances as a form of coping; people who bully can be shown to have abusive tendencies with these substances as well. Substance abuse is defined as being dependentRead MoreDrug Abuse And Its Effect On Society Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Course Date Introduction A drug is a chemical substance applied into treating, diagnosing and preventing one from disease infections or a substance that is used by a person to enhance his or her physical and mental state in the perceived effect. Drugs used for different purposes and their effect depend on which cause for usage. It causes both positive and negative consequences directly to the user and in the long-run it affects the whole society or community. Drug addiction is the activity of uncontrollable

Critically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism,...

Critically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, explaining the reasons or arguments given by Buddhism to support these Truths and discussing at least one objection that could be raised against the first Noble Truth and one objection that could be raised against thesecond Noble Truth. The four noble truths of Buddhism take an important role in this religion. As it is called forth noble truths, it mainly divided in 4 parts: Dukkha, Samudaya, Nirodha, and the last part is the Magga. The four noble truth were discovered by Sakyamuni and it were also announced by him. (Tsering, 2010) the main purpose of the Four Noble Truth is to tell people that the world is full of suffering and the reason that the people suffer is because of human’s†¦show more content†¦From the discussion above, it is proved that â€Å"Thirst† is not the unique reason that makes suffering exists but it is the most obvious and the most direct reason. Therefore, the definition of Samudaya that is written down in Pali Canon, it noticed that beside of Thirst as the main reason, there are still many different reason that makes suffering exists. The meaning of Thirsty in this second noble truth is not just about the dedication to desire, richness and power, but it also about the dedication to idea, dreams, perspective, theories, concepts and religious. (Tsering, 2010) Due to the analysis by Buddha, all of the disputes on this world such as quarreling at home or even world wars, are all occurred by the feeling of â€Å"Thirsty†. From this point of view, it is obvious that the essence on this world is all related to the principle of â€Å"thirsty†: When people are thirsting to improve, then it occurs war. (Engle, 2009) In fact, Buddha pointed out a point that he thinks† Human being always have the feeling which is called â€Å"unsatisfied†. That makes them to become the slave of Thirst.†(Engle, 2009) In the teaching of Buddhist, Samudaya is one or the most important doctrine. In the perspective of Buddhism, it is important to remember the cause of suffering: The cause of suffering is always i nside the suffering and it will never be outside of suffering. (Bodhi, 1994) In the original Pali Canon, there is an equationShow MoreRelatedThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1533 Words   |  7 PagesCritically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, explaining the reasons or arguments given by Buddhism to support these Truths and discussing at least one objection that could be raised against the first Noble Truth and one objection that could be raised against the second Noble Truth. Buddhism see’s the Four Noble Truths as the Buddha’s way of explaining the truth of the human condition and are described as the essence of His teachings. The Four Noble Truths play an important part in understandingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesWeidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction

Does Competition Benefit in Business Essay - 1219 Words

Does Competition Benefit in Business? Do businesses want to grow and advance, or remain at a standstill with production? Most say they want to grow and advance. This topic is important in the business standpoint. Shall business managers promote competition or not? â€Å"Smart business professionals use competition to their advantage† (Pearson 1). Businesses who use competition notice the positive effects later down the road. Seeking to thrive and grow, businesses need to promote competition and compete against the other firms in their business. â€Å"There’s nothing like a little competition to suddenly boost productivity† (qtd. in Penn 1). Although some critics argue that competition may develop a negative atmosphere in the workplace,†¦show more content†¦Most people look for deals to get the most bangs from their buck. Competition leads to profits within the business â€Å"if aimed at the right audience† (Fullman 1). Many researchers a gree that competition helps businesses adapt and develop the new products that Americans seek in today’s marketplace. â€Å"Bringing to market better, faster, thinner, greener products involves competition† (Rose 2). Businesses compete to sell the most appropriate product for their consumers. The increase in competition is an advantage to consumers because they find a decrease in prices. Businesses should promote competition in order to establish efficient performance. If employers are honest and true to the business, then they give the manager their best effort. This effort grows with competition and therefore the business witnesses a dramatic increase in sales and productivity. â€Å"Competition can make producers work harder to figure out how to reduce costs† (Penn 1). This change in motivation and commitment within the business leads to increase in wages. Why wouldn’t an employee want an increase in their pay? With a chance of better pay, e mployees commit themselves to the business. â€Å"Productivity is important because the higher it is, the lower the prices, the greater the output, the higher the return on capital, the higher the wages, and the greater the chance a business has of surviving† (Penn 1). Even in a market with high-density producers, consumers find aShow MoreRelatedThe US Laws and Guidelines Governing Fair and Equitable Business Practices834 Words   |  4 Pagesand Guidelines Governing Fair and Equitable Business Practices BUSN115 September 21, 2013 Professor Neal McGregor The US Laws and Guidelines Governing Fair and Equitable Business Practices The United States became one of the most influential world powers virtually overnight. The system of functionality which maintains this growth and power is the refined codes of business practices which are the cornerstone for domestic and international business relations the world over. Due to the unprecedentedRead MoreEconomics For Business Assignment : Economics1362 Words   |  6 PagesEconomics for business assignment This is a two sided argument which needs complex and in-depth analysis to make a final judgement. The degree of government intervention may depend on many factors affecting the economy as a whole, a specific market and the businesses operating within it. The nature of different government regulations may have a restrictive nature, however some government action may have a beneficial effect on business activity and positively impact their objectives. It is essentialRead MoreWhy to Use Market Economy Essay749 Words   |  3 Pagesin rural areas. Among these four economic system, Mr.Robbins should use market economy for his new island, because market economy bring many benefits to a country. First, a market economy pushes businesses to make cheaper, better quality products so more people will buy the product that is being produced. The more options on the market, the more competitions. This results in higher profit for companies and businesses. When companies have more profit they can expand and make new products. If the companyRead MoreMarketing And Advertising : A Small Business Owner1030 Words   |  5 PagesAs a small business owner, there are few things as important as your marketing and advertising. Not only is it the way that people come to even know your business exists, but it is your only line of defense getting customers to select and be loyal to your business rather than to your competition. So, needless to say, you want your advertising to be as compelling as it possibly can be. Here, we will lay out some fundamental principles and standards by which you can create powerful and persuasive marketingRead MoreEconomics and Patent Protection in the US: Case Stu dy Notes891 Words   |  4 Pagesoperates in a market characterized by monopolistic competition. This market form features relative ease of entry and exit, multiple firms in the market, a slight degree of differentiation among firms in the market, and it is on the basis of that differentiation that the firms compete. My company, Starbucks, is broadly within the quick service restaurant business and is differentiated by its coffee focus, brand and product mix. Within the coffeeshop business, brand recognition, the Starbucks experienceRead MoreEssay about Railroad Deregulation in Eu and Us1605 Words   |  7 Pagesrailway transportation operations are open for free competition, starting with the most profitable segment of the business, freight transportation and the passenger portion later on. Deregulation is the removal or simplification of government rules and regulations that constrain the operation of market forces. Deregulation does not mean elimination of laws against fraud or property rights but eliminating or reducing government control of how business is done, thereby moving toward a more free marketRead MoreThe Eu And The European Union970 Words   |  4 Pagesjoined the EU on January 1973. On this year the United Kingdom started to follow EU law. Therefore, UK has three main sources of law which are statutory law (Act of Parliament), Case law and EU law. All of them could affect any business in various ways depend on business type, size, policies and etc. New countries which want to join EU must sign a treaty to become a member and to commit to their rules. There are five main bodies in EU: the Act Of Parliament, European Commission, European CouncilRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot887 Words   |  4 Pagesrepresents the areas of a business plan, Strengths, Wea knesses, Opportunities, and Threats. With a little thought a SWOT analysis can help a business uncover opportunities that are well-placed to exploit. Also, by understanding the weaknesses of a business, you can manage and eliminate threats that would otherwise catch you unawares. But the most advantageous of a SWOT analysis is can lead you to developing a strategy that helps distinguish you from your competitors and allow a business to compete more effectivelyRead MoreThe Production Process Of Making Mcdonald s Burgers Capital Or Labour Intensive? Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesPart 2 McDonald’s commercial goals A commercial goal is an aim or an objective that a firm may hold in relation to financial priorities. A business may possess commercial goals to ensure that profit is generated. As a result business growth occurs. Profit maximisation One of a business’s main commercial goals is profit maximisation. This allows the business to be as efficient as possible, maximising growth as well. All other commercial goals contribute to fulfilling this goal. Profit maximisationRead MorePros And Cons Of Antitrust Legislation1577 Words   |  7 Pagescompanies from using monopolizing business practices called the Sherman Act (â€Å"FTC,† n.d., para. 1). Two more antitrust laws were passed in 1914. The two laws were the Federal Trade Commission Act and the Clayton Act (â€Å"FTC,† n.d., para. 1). These laws were put in place to protect consumers and businesses alike. Each law that has been put in place to ensure fair trade; and each one has its own pros and cons. I will be giving examples of the marginal costs and marginal benefits of Antitrust Legislation and

A Secret Weapon for Underground Railroad Essay Topics

A Secret Weapon for Underground Railroad Essay Topics Their role is quite much like a mentor. It permits for understanding the total effect of events before and in the present and later on. As a historian you have to interrogate your sources and ask the crucial questions. This lasted for over three decades. Even though there is an underground railroad train coming in a couple of days, they decide to remain in South Carolina. If you wish to observe a ghost go to Gettysburg Pennsylvania. In the basement, there's evidence of a little room employed in the Underground Railroad. Many blacks decided to remain in the east portion of Kansas, like in Topeka's Tennessee Town. It was warning to escapees to have a zigzag route to receive away from slave hunters which were in the place. On the Underground Railroad, bulk of the slaves which were running were men. As slavery within this country grew, so did the range of those attempting to escape their fate. Name a renowned women's su ffragist. What's more, the existent literature sometimes appears to obscure the true story still further. The previous one gives us the chance to discuss, share difficulties and thoughts which were stimulated by our trip to the Freedom Center. The museum does not have any lack of information to share and you'll discover that it's well worth the trip. All you need to do is to choose the business writing option and select the kind of paper you will need to order. Underground Railroad Essay Topics The Underground Railroad was employed as a succession of networks. Among its biggest surprises is that, despite the book's subtitle, it often was not hidden at all. It came about as a result of the yearning we all have to be free. It was a very important part of US history that made freedom possible for many. Underground Railroad Essay Topics Ideas Contemporary paint formulas do not include lime. In some instances, the blocks are so reduced in size that the whole miniature quilt m ight wind up being smaller than the initial block. A variation of analytic scoring might be utilized in a situation where the emphasis of instruction at a certain time may be on a subset of the seven scoring elements. Quite a while ago, that wasn't really the circumstance. Underground Railroad Essay Topics Ideas They are presently burdened with school loan debt as well as the debts they have been required to meet before attending college. Many colleges and universities rate its' educational values dependent on the sum of money in its' coffers and the sum of money they can amass! Why is it college educated candidates discover that not only do they need to compete with ivy-leaguers, they need to compete with higher school educated folks also. Addressing historical issues in an authentic and truthful way can be quite challenging but is essential for students to come up with a detailed understanding of earth. Here you are able to observe a multimedia presentation that will reveal to you the significance of the railroad. Underground Railroad Essay Topics Help! States pursued their very own escapees, although Northern states were required to aid in capturing runaways. Moreover, because of an absence of schools to handle their intellectual wants, more or less every pre-Civil War era literate Black had been self-taught. The North Star is a rather important star because it is frequently employed for navigation. It is easy to find if you look for the Big Dipper, which is part of the constellation Ursa Major. They all have wonderful appeal in many ways, and you're bound to walk from the theater after each of these, being very pleased and thinking your money was well spent. They had only two shirts annually. You paid lots of money for it and you would like it to run well for a very long moment. Anyway, a couple months after buying your vehicle, someone steals it. But these individuals have to be mindful not to lose their good standing. The men were much more cautious and they could work and help save money when they reached freedom so he can buy his loved ones or help them escape away from their owners to freedom (Heinrichs 24). The accused runaway was not permitted to speak on their behalf or to get a defense of any type. The Secret to Underground Railroad Essay Topics Fugitives began to find out more about their surroundings as a way to survive. The Williams property isn't open to the general public. Routes were sometimes indirect to prevent detection. The Argument About Underground Railroad Essay Topics In case the Journey could be made to Britain, the consequent lifestyle would be well worth it. Appointments have to be made 48 hours beforehand.

Cognitive Approach to Emotion Management

Question: Discuss about the Cognitive Approach to Emotion Management. Answer: Introduction: Firstly, there seems to be lack of communication between Susan and her subordinates. Susan merely tells her assistant managers who directly report to her what she expects of them. She does not take enough steps to find out what the employees under her leadership want. Susan should have helped employees set goals for themselves and then supported them as given in the path goal theory of leadership (Path Goal Theory 2017). Secondly Susan does not ask many questions from her seniors regarding the work given to her. She does not offer any suggestions to her seniors regarding the job she is entrusted with. There is transactional leadership by her seniors and Susan also has adopted that style as a leader herself (Liu, Liu and Zeng 2011). Thirdly, Susan seems to lack patience. She should have asked Ben why so much time was being taken in preparing for the trade show, the marketing campaign. She herself should have talked to Johnson also and faced their emotional outbursts. Then she should have managed their emotions to solve the conflict. She seemed reluctant to communicate (Effective Communication And Leadership 2017). Fourthly, Susan did not understand that work is to be done by her subordinates. If they are not happy, the work would suffer. Her leadership style does not show concern for subordinates, what they want out of work as shown in the leadership grid. She is more of a transactional leader (Odumeru and Ogbonna 2013). Fifthly, Susan did not realize that there was a need for change and she should have changed her approach to dealing with her employees. She is not a transformational leader (Transformational Leadership 2017). She did not change her attitude to win over unsatisfied employees. She did not support the initiatives of Ben and other employees. Relationship between Susan Wong and her staff Susans attitude towards her assistant managers is biased. She has a group of assistant managers as her favourites. Susan talks to them more about how work is to be done and how they can be involved in getting things done. These assistant managers are part of the ingroup as given in the leader member exchange theory. Then there is part of the assistant managers who Susan does not trust so much and is not comfortable talking to. These managers are consulted less by her regarding work. they are part of the outgroup. The inner group of assistant managers feel that they are more cared for in the company. They are more satisfied with the company as a result they also make more efforts to do good work. They are more motivated employees. on the other hand the outgroup feels that the leader is prejudiced. All the good assignments go to the ingroup. They also seem to be more likely to get a promotion. This causes lot of resentment among members of the outgroup. Susan also does not communicate much with the other team members outside the group of her assistant managers (Effective Communication And Leadership 2017). She is neglecting the other team members. There is hardly any leader member exchange when it comes to talking to members like Johnson and Ben. Susan does not talk to Johnson when she should have faced the person and tried to get first hand information from him. She is busy mostly with her assistant managers and asks them to talk to group members. So all other members in a way belong to the outgroup who are cared for less by Susan. If Susan had developed more communication with the other team members, she would have known better what are the problems being faced by the staff. She would have known about the aspirations of her staff, what they wanted to achieve in life through their employment. Susan was not following the path goal theory in its entirety (Northhouse 2016). The basic idea behind this leadership concept is that A leader who follows the path goal theory interacts and sits with her or his juniors and communicates more with them (Path Goal Theory 2017). Susan should have taken more interest in the development of her employees. A leaders job is not only to give directions to her employees but also see how they react to her directions. There is need for a leader to find out if her proposals regarding work are taken well by the followers or not.. Susan should have helped the team members to evolve (The Blake Mouton Managerial Grid 2017). She should have mentored personally some of the team members who we re showing outstanding capabilities and work. She should have taken more interest in Bens work and groomed him as a greater leader that the person could have developed into. There should have been communication by Ben that anybody with more ideas about work could come forward and talk to her (Eisenbei and Boerner 2013). Strategies that could be adopted by Susan for interpersonal emotion management Different leaders sometimes behave differently in a situation (Northhouse 2016). Susan faced different kind of situations in her company as a leader. She had a team member Johnson Fellows who used to take interest in work initially but later became disinterested in work. Susan instead of directly talking to Johnson asked her assistant managers to look into the problems of Johnson and other discontented staff. Susan was known to take things hands on but in this case maybe she was unsettled by the reaction of Johnson (Thiel, Griffith, and Connelly 2015). She failed to address friction and discontent among the staff directly. She had a golden opportunity to prove her mettle as a leader. There was a need from her to manage the emotions of staff like Johnson (Little, Gooty and Williams 2016). Susan would have realized that if the emotions of staff went out of control there could be complete lack of discipline in the organization and work would have come to a halt. She could have managed their emotions by directly talking to them and facing any outbursts from them herself. Before meeting Johnson, Susan should have inquired from her assistant managers what feedback they could give regarding the problems of the discontented staff. Susan could have applied two approaches to manage the emotions of the staff. One of them would be behavioural approach that involves the leader understanding that people in the group have genuine problems. They have felt ignored and maybe harassed by the transactional style of leadership by Susan. In this case Susan would have realized that she should have been more caring for the feelings of the staff and there could have been more participative type of management from her. In this case Susan would show some empathy when she meets angry staff (Thiel, Griffith and Connelly 2015). In this case, Susan would have done an analysis of the grievances of the staff and found that some of them were genuine and anger of the staff was justified. Susan would try to calm down the nerves of the people by talking to them in a softer tone and not trying to show that as she was the boss, she knew everything and could treat the staff as she wishes (Little, Gooty and Williams 2016). Susan in this case would involve the staff in finding and creating solutions for them. This strategy of interpersonal emotion management would make Susan more popular with the staff as they would feel they have been given more respect and involvement in the entire process. Another strategy that Susan could have relied on is the Cognitive approach in which Susan would have come to the conclusion that the members of staff were to be blamed to a certain extent for the trouble and Susan would make them see reason and change themselves as she met them face to face (Cognitive Approach To Emotion Management 2017). This approach would show that the leader is strong and would not go out of the way to please the staff. The leader would make the staff change even at the cost of receding popularity as staff are also to be disciplined. Susan could have applied a mixed approach in managing the emotions of her staff which can also be called situational modification. She could have been strict or shown more empathy towards the employees after considering how they were responding to her suggestions (Guarana and Hernandez 2015). If the employees themselves start producing fruitful suggestions which can help the organization, the leader can be more receptive and cooperative towards them even if they had not behaved properly in the past. Even if a person is rude in the beginning but later mellows down, the leader should be soft towards the person when the individual becomes calm. The change in emotions of the team members should elicit a favourable response from the leader who need not be curt all the time but mix it with a softer tone of voice If Susan was to adopt a transformational approach There were ample opportunities for Susan to bring change and transformation in the company. When Johnson Fellows became furious at the management, Susan should have read the tell tale signs. She should have tried to build bridges with such dissatisfied employees by talking to them. A process of building of communication network within the group should have been started by her (Anderson and Sun 2015). She should have become a transformational leader. A transformational leader both uses authority and persuasion to get things done by group members. Instead Susan was spending less time with group members and was following a transactional style of leadership where old methods of doing work were being followed. The group members were just being told what to do and rewarded if work was done. No suggestions regarding work were asked from them by the leader. There should have been mentoring of Johnson by Susan who should have taken him in confidence. When employees are encouraged to talk among themselves, many dissatisfactions go away. The employees become more supportive to management. This is how change is introduced in an organization (Voet 2014). The support of employees is taken by the management. Employees like Ben who took the initiative in developing a marketing campaign for the electronic products of the company, needed to be encouraged by Susan. People like Ben can become future leaders of the company. Lines of communication should have been established among employees and informal communication helps to bring out new ideas (Sarros., Cooper and Santora 2011). An environment conducive to innovative ideas could have been provided with the efforts of Susan who could have brought transformation (Wright and Pandey 2011). Susan should have helped leaders like Ben to develop more social capital. This means that Ben should have been encouraged to interact with other members in the group and talk to them about his ideas regarding work (Liu, Liu and Zeng 2011). There should have been more conversations among group members and many new leaders would have emerged. Susan could herself be part of some such conversations (Effective Communication And Leadership 2017). But one drawback of encouraging such networking among the employees is that they would develop their own ideas and would like to carry them forward rather than carry out the suggestions and commands given by the transformational leader (Transformational Leadership 2017). But this should not deter the transformational leader from helping the group members discuss new ideas for change. Some ideas by the group members could lead to transformations within the company that can help it to make more profits. Susan as an authentic leader It becomes clear from the facts given in the case that Susan is not an authentic leader who wins the trust of its subordinates through fair dealings and open communication (10 Authentic Leadership Characteristics 2017). An authentic leader establishes certain rules according to which the subordinates are treated by the leader through his or her consistent dealings with the juniors (10 Authentic Leadership Characteristics 2017). But it becomes clear that Susan had certain juniors who were favoured by her in job allocation. No doubt the other employees felt cheated by her. Susan had developed an ingroup and outgroup of assistant managers and she had separate rules of engagement for them. For outgroup she was more of a transactional leader (Obiwuru et al. 2011). Many employees felt that they were not being cared for by their superior and their performance at work was all that mattered to the management. Susan failed to develop a proper work culture in her group (Agote, Aramburu and Lines 2016). There were more than eighty employees who directly reported to her. The number of such direct reports seems to be too high. Susan should have trained her assistant managers to interact more with the other employees to find about their feelings about work. Susan should have put in place a proper system of reward and performance among the employees. She failed to establish clear and transparent system for her interaction with the other employees (Laschinger and Fida 2014). She should have approached and met more junior employees in weekly meeting held by her and given them some work to do. Then she should have evaluated that work. This would have made her more popular with the employees. Susan was an authentic leader to the extent that she did interact with Ben and became aware of the ideas that Ben had regarding a new marketing campaign for selling the product of the company. In this case there was some fruitful leader member exchange. Susan agreed to the development of more ideas for selling the product of the company through the advertisements produced by Ben. So there was mutual commitment between Ben and Susan regarding the development of a new campaign. There was a level of sincerity in Susans attitude towards Ben. In this case Susan acted as an authentic leader, who cared to an extent about the feelings of subordinate (Qian, Lin and Chen 2012). Susan should help Ben to a certain extent as an authentic leader but should not allow Ben to take advantage of her. Ben has to complete the new advertising campaign on time. Ben should take this work seriously. If he is not responsible towards this work, Susan can take away the project from her and ask somebody else to do it. An authentic leader can be strict towards the individuals subordinates. 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